我国首个全息数字电网建成******
1月5日，我国首个全息数字电网在江苏建成。通过采集输变电设施的物理数据，技术人员在网络云端构建了一个数字孪生电网，全面提升了电网的智慧运检水平。这也是世界上首次对亿千瓦级负荷大电网进行全息数字化呈现。
据悉，这张虚拟电网覆盖了10万公里架空输电线路、28万座输电杆塔以及地形地貌地物等数据，将真实电网在数字空间以数字孪生的方式，一比一三维立体还原和数字化全景呈现。国网江苏省电力有限公司运用三维激光点云采集、数字高程模型、高精度测绘等技术，为每一条线路、每一座杆塔、每一个部件都赋予了专属的三维坐标，定位精度达到厘米级。
实现无人巡检与智能管控
“每一座杆塔都设有20个以上无人机巡检点位，通过航迹自动规划、一键自主飞行、全程实时监控、遇险自动规避等功能，无人机可实现全自动巡检作业，全程无须人工操作。”江苏方天电力技术有限公司副总经理姜海波介绍，全息数字电网相当于给整个江苏电网装上了“千里眼”，能够引导巡检作业人员足不出户，即可实时掌握无人机的适航区域、飞行轨迹、被检设备、巡检影像等现场实际工况，完成一座铁塔的全面巡检仅6分钟，比人工操作无人机巡检耗时减少一半，效率比传统人工巡检提升4到6倍。
在国网江苏电力无人机巡检管控中心的大屏上，可见当前正在作业的无人机，其飞行轨迹、飞机状态、拍摄画面都可以在数字电网中实时展现、动态跟踪。巡检无人机还嵌入了电力北斗地图导航和前端识别模块，巡检作业结束后，图片会自动上传至管控平台，并通过人工智能算法对图像进行精准识别，可以及时发现指甲盖大小的螺帽裂纹等细小缺陷。
“依托全息数字电网，江苏电网已经实现大规模无人机巡检协同应用与智能管控，可以支持上千架无人机同时作业，全年自动巡检作业量超过52万架次，提前发现消除输电铁塔缺陷及通道隐患4.2万处，严重缺陷发现率提升3倍，每年可以节约电网运维成本约2亿元。”国网江苏省电力公司设备部副主任吴强介绍。
通过加载气象、空域等信息，数字电网还可以高度仿真和预测台风、覆冰等极端情况下的电网运行环境。在数字电网的工况模拟模块中，只要同步风速、风向、温度、导线直径等基础数据，系统就会结合历史数据，通过模型算法以三维图像形式直观展示线路状态，各类风险隐患会用不同颜色的警示图标标出，为电网细化防灾减灾、灾后恢复的预案措施提供准确依据。
数据+算力+算法打造智慧电网
当前正处于迎峰度冬的关键时期，江苏电网的最大用电负荷已超过1亿千瓦，今冬用电负荷最高或将达到1.12亿千瓦。全息数字电网的全面建成，可将电网故障的处理时间再缩短约10%。
“如果说数字电网是数字能源的现代化底座和数据‘骨架’，那么人工智能技术就是它的‘眼睛’，AI算法分析技术则是‘大脑’。”吴强说，在“数字中国”战略引导下，数字科技加速了电网信息化建设进程，“数字新基建”项目不断在电网运营管理中落地。通过“数据+算力+算法”，全息数字电网实现了虚拟电网与现实电网的深度感知交互与双向智慧控制，真正做到足不出户而现场可观、可测、可控，极大提升电网智慧运营水平。
同时，全息数字电网是我国新型电力系统建设的重要试点，将推动电力系统的加速转型升级，为我国乃至全世界通过数字技术提升系统安全运行水平贡献了新的技术方案。
据悉，目前国网江苏电力正在积极扩展全息数字电网在规划设计、基建管理等更多领域的应用，并将带动装备制造、人工智能、地图导航、5G通信、数据服务、自动驾驶、储能充电等跨越式发展。（科技日报记者 张晔）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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